Finance only door is the low budget management mode of the problems left over by history, but reading mbt shoes sale of article 51 of article 55 (, but made clear its legal status, give its receive budget funds, to deal with the limits of authority and outlets will be fiscal expenditure, and the state Treasury parallel as budget funds final collection and distribution center.ZhangMeiFang, LiHuaBo, YangLiJiang type financial massive corruption still will appear. More experts protestation, which will hold up corruption rent-seeking system umbrella. Budget management did not reflect the separation of powers, the government?s excess revenue use and deficit management regulations doubt Financial department all functions. According to the reading of article 27, article 35, article 48 and article 57, financial department set budgeting deployment, implementation, management, supervision and function at a suit, obviously contrary to "separation of powers" this principle, and let the financial department budgeting rough, budget implementation problems such as optional the gender is big. Wash adjust excess deficit not when. Article 38 reading, article 61 puts forward "budget stability fund" relevant provision, gives the government the excess revenue to offset the power of the deficit. The central government every year there are huge excess revenue (2011 is as high as 1.4 trillion yuan), if this part of the revenue form giant regulation deficit reservoir, will cause the deficit caliber chaos, can?t reflect the real situations of financial revenue and expenditure. Place does not contain deficit in conflict. Article 31 the reading of continue to use the budget law of the provisions of article 28 "local budget at various levels shall not contain deficit".
As is known to all, general government deficit is through loans, FaZhai make up mbt voi for, since law place does not contain deficit, then place the government needs to the ministry of finance local debt issuers, and most of the local public finance should rely on superior financial transfer payment and the balance inventory balance will lose premise condition. Long-term budget supervision system has not yet been forming, transparent, mutual check constraint mechanism has not yet been established Financial supervision is offside too. Article 54 reading, article 83 can help realize financial department budget establishment, execution, supervision and integration. Financial department budget management in the "game" in the body and ZuZhiYuan), athletes, judges and referees more roles, not only against the international prevailing separation of the three powers principle (legislative, executive, and judicial), and with the reading of article 14 "at all levels of the budget establishment, execution, supervision and shall establish a sound interacting, and coordinated mechanism" conflict. National People?s Congress supervision and heart spare capacity shortage. Though reading in the 17th, 18th, 79 and so on many clause expressly to National People?s Congress at all levels about budget supervision rights, but in essence is deleted "budget law" the 69th "government entities at all levels shall, in each budgetary year at least two times in to the people?s congress at the corresponding level or its standing committee, make reports on the budget implementation". Reading of article 87 to article 89 of the new government and the financial department shall be investigated for legal responsibility main body, the National People?s Congress has no right to intervene. National People?s Congress will thus further into information acquisition difficulties, accountability weak embarrassing position. Audit supervision effectiveness are limited. From reading involves auditing and supervision of the article 84 look, audit supervision throughout except budgeting outside of the whole budget process, from the surface to see the audit supervision and seems to be a strength.
But transverse comparison is not difficult to discover, the reading of audit supervision mechanism is different from the British and mbt sifa American audit institutions belong to countries (discussion), directly on the countries (discussion) will be responsible for, and in different audit institutions independent of the legislative and judicial. Our audit organization is composed of government department, financial department and it may be said "one female compatriots," audit independence did not have. Longitudinal contrast the budget law, people from the reading is not difficult to discover, the audit supervision of the implementation of the subject has constriction (from governments at all levels auditing department at or above the county level to the auditing department), the audit object (by departments and units and the governments at lower levels of the budget implementation and final accounts of the budget implementation and final accounts of reduced to a) more fuzzy. The supervision of the general public is not taken seriously. National budget management is actually will, by fund the people, in the budget legal implementation process should earnestly the protection of the citizen?s right to know, to participate, to improve public supervision supervision efficiency, reduce the cost of supervision, but not reading "transparent" written into budget follow principle; Article 11 requirements although budget, budget adjustments and final accounts of information in the National People?s Congress approved the public to the public, but at the same time introduced the "involving state secrets by" the ambiguous concept. Related Suggestions Accurate positioning Treasury, under existing system continue to adhere to the central bank manager system. The people?s bank of China to the state Treasury manager current Treasury management system responsibility clear, operation, good effect, the law shall continue to keep, and to strengthen.
One is the China people?s bank of China gives the central bank mbt sadiki white manager Treasury responsibility, this system has after nearly 30 years the test of practice, conform to the national Treasury payments decision makers and Treasury payments decision-making executives phase separation of international standards. The second is the people?s bank as a professional financial institutions, in government cash and bank account management has the financial department of the feat not professional advantages, not only help to reduce the cost of public funds receipt and payment processing, improve the speed, efficiency, but also help in the maintenance of security level of pay, on the basis of better in the surplus cash investment financial returns (surplus cash investment) and risk tradeoff between. The third is the people?s bank manager Treasury, which helps to Treasury funds safety form effective matter supervision and restriction mechanism. Four is the people?s bank has a "government?s bank, bank of bank, the issuing bank" the basic characteristics, for the objective to safeguard state of the budget implementation, seriousness and effectiveness, coordinate fiscal policy and monetary policy, provides the prerequisite. Service reform development, a thorough Treasury single account system. "Treasury single account system" as the national Treasury?s concentration of accepting and paying system reform pilot period of transition practices, unfavorable legalization. From the international experience, most countries have set up complete Treasury centralized collection and payment system, and with the central bank as the Treasury funds collection and distribution center, the centralized management of financial capital. In our country, the national Treasury?s concentration of accepting and paying system reform is the ministry of finance and the people?s bank two common cooperation and jointly launched a major reform. After the start of reform, the national departments at all levels for finance department and the people?s bank in accordance with their respective responsibilities tacit cooperation, progress smoothly.
Along with our country modernization payment system and the successful operation and finance mbt bomoa and tax KuYin transverse networking system and people?s bank accounting data to the state Treasury centralized system promotes gradually, the cancellation "Treasury single account system" in various transitional account, the financial capital, all included in the Treasury single account management conditions has. Therefore, our country should adopt the practice of market economy countries, will all financial capital, all included in the Treasury single account management, cancel the financial department to open in the commercial bank of only door, improve the financial capital management level, facilitate people?s congress and the audit department to supervise and budget implementation. Improve budget management, follow the relevant provisions of the general principles of the international adjustment. Budget management can draw lessons from the experience of developed market economy countries, improved. One is the legislation can improve the budget management, guarantee the budget establishment and budget implementation and budget supervision in the basis of tailgating main separation, thus preventing excessive centralization of power abuse, namely clear budget preparation for the main body of finance, audit main body for the National People?s Congress, the main body of the budget implementation for independent in finance outside of the Treasury, and at the same time, clear Treasury in the role of budget management. The second is to ensure that the law should be through the excess revenue primarily "budget stability fund" in monitoring range, prevent the excess revenue become regulation deficit reservoirs that affect the financial revenue and expenditure information reflects the authenticity, and under the influence of the annual budgeting more scientific. The third is the legislative clear deficit definition, and straighten out balance of payments and deficit, the relevant clauses of the management, and constraints of the local government public (regular) annual budget to keep balance, namely, clearly define the balance principle of budget should be eliminated in the fiscal year new net financing (net loan or net debt) basis.
Source: http://www.cripcommentary.com/harriet/2012/09/a-good-choice-of-walking-footwear-in-summer-mbt/
ronnie montrose melissa gilbert dancing with the stars dandelion wine cough matt groening brandon phillips summerfest
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.